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1912 United States Presidential Election

← 1908 November 5, 1912 1916 →

531 members of the Electoral College
266 electoral votes needed to win
Turnout58.8% Decrease 6.6 pp
 
Candidate Fmr. President
Theodore Roosevelt
Speaker of the House
Champ Clark
Party Republican Democratic
Home state New York (state) New York Missouri Missouri
Running mate Governor
Herbert S. Hadley
Governor
John Alden Dix
Electoral vote 324 205
States carried 28 20
Popular vote 7,762,188 7,015,766
Percentage 51.58% 46.62%

Presidential election results map. Light Blue denotes States won by Roosevelt/Hadley, and Light Red denotes States won by Clark/Dix. Red denotes the electoral votes for Debs/Seidel by Wisconsin faithless electors. Numbers indicate electoral votes cast by each State.

President before election

William Howard Taft
Republican

President after election

Theodore Roosevelt
Republican

1916 United States Presidential Election

← 1912 November 7, 1916 1920 →

531 members of the Electoral College
266 electoral votes needed to win
Turnout61.8% Increase 2.8 pp
 
Candidate President
Theodore Roosevelt
Governor
William Sulzer
Party Republican Democratic
Home state New York (state) New York New York (state) New York
Running mate Vice President
Herbert S. Hadley
Representative
Carter Glass
Electoral vote 391 140
States carried 35 13
Popular vote 10,245,170 7,998,536
Percentage 55.27% 43.15%

Presidential election results map. Light Blue denotes States won by Roosevelt/Hadley, and Light Red denotes States won by Sulzer/Glass. Numbers indicate electoral votes cast by each State.

President before election

Theodore Roosevelt
Republican

President after election

Theodore Roosevelt
Republican

Theodore Roosevelt
Official portrait, 1917
26th & 28th President of the United States
In office
March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1921
Vice PresidentHerbert S. Hadley
Preceded byWilliam Howard Taft
Succeeded byGilbert Hitchcock
In office
September 14, 1901 – March 4, 1909
Vice PresidentVacant
(1901–1905)
Charles W. Fairbanks
(1905–1909)
Preceded byWilliam McKinley
Succeeded byWilliam Howard Taft
25th Vice President of the United States
In office
March 4, 1901 – September 14, 1901
PresidentWilliam McKinley
Preceded byGarret Hobart
Succeeded byCharles W. Fairbanks
33rd Governor of New York
In office
January 1, 1899 – December 31, 1900
LieutenantTimothy L. Woodruff
Preceded byFrank S. Black
Succeeded byBenjamin B. Odell Jr.
5th United States Assistant Secretary of the Navy
In office
April 19, 1897 – May 10, 1898
PresidentWilliam McKinley
SecretaryJohn Davis Long
Preceded byWilliam McAdoo
Succeeded byCharles Herbert Allen
President of the New York City Board of Police Commissioners
In office
May 6, 1895 – April 19, 1897
Appointed byWilliam Lafayette Strong
Preceded byJames J. Martin
Succeeded byFrank Moss
Member of the New York State Assembly
from the 21st District
In office
January 1, 1882 – December 31, 1884
Preceded byWilliam J. Trimble
Succeeded byHenry A. Barnum
Personal details
Born
Theodore Roosevelt Jr.

(1858-10-27)October 27, 1858
New York City, New York, U.S.
DiedJanuary 6, 1935(1935-01-06) (aged 76)
Oyster Bay, New York, U.S.
Resting placeYoungs Memorial Cemetery, Oyster Bay, New York, U.S.
Political partyRepublican
Spouses
  • (m. 1880; died 1884)
  • (m. 1886)
Children
Parents
RelativesRoosevelt Family
Alma materHarvard University (AB)
Columbia University
Occupation
Civilian awardsNobel Peace Prize (1906)
Nobel Peace Prize (1914)
Signature
Military service
Branch/serviceUnited States Army
Years of service1882–1886 ; 1898
RankColonel
Commands1st U.S. Volunteer Cavalry
Battles/wars
Military awardsMedal of Honor (Posthumous, 1952)
Ted Roosevelt
Official portrait, 1929
30th President of the United States
In office
March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1933
Vice PresidentCharles G. Dawes
Preceded byGilbert Hitchcock
Succeeded byNewton D. Baker
46th United States Secretary of State
In office
March 4, 1941 – July 12, 1945
PresidentQuentin Roosevelt
DeputyJohn Gilbert Winant
Preceded byGilbert Hitchcock
Succeeded byJohn Gilbert Winant
42nd Governor of New York
In office
January 1, 1925 – December 31, 1928
LieutenantOgden L. Mills
Preceded byFrancis Burton Harrison
Succeeded byOgden L. Mills
Member of the New York State Assembly
from the 2nd District
In office
January 1, 1921 – December 31, 1924
Preceded byFranklin A. Coles
Succeeded byF. Trubee Davison
Personal details
Born
Theodore Roosevelt III

(1887-09-13)September 13, 1887
New York City, New York, U.S.
DiedJune 12, 1945(1945-06-12) (aged 57)
Frankfurt, Germany
Resting placeYoungs Memorial Cemetery, Oyster Bay, New York, U.S.
Political partyRepublican
Spouse
(m. 1910)
Children
Parents
RelativesRoosevelt Family
Alma materHarvard University
Occupation
  • Politician
  • Lawyer
AwardsNobel Peace Prize (1946) (Posthumous)
Military service
Branch/serviceUnited States Army
(National Guard)
Years of service1916–1920
RankLieutenant Colonel
Quentin Roosevelt
Official portrait, 1941
34th President of the United States
In office
March 4, 1941 – March 4, 1953
Vice PresidentHarlan J. Bushfield
(1941–1947)
Vacant
(1947–1949)
Hanford MacNider
(1949–1953)
Preceded byDavid I. Walsh
Succeeded byLesley J. McNair
United States Senator
from New York
In office
March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1941
Preceded byAl Smith
Succeeded byJohn Lord O'Brian
Member of the
U.S. House of Representatives
from New York's 3rd District
In office
March 4, 1925 – March 4, 1929
Preceded byJoseph V. Flynn
Succeeded byJohn Kissel
Personal details
Born
Quentin Roosevelt

(1897-11-19)November 19, 1897
Washington, D.C., U.S.
DiedJuly 14, 1966(1966-07-14) (aged 68)
Oyster Bay, New York, U.S.
Resting placeQuentin Roosevelt Presidential Library And Memorial, New York, U.S.
Political partyRepublican
Spouse
(m. 1920)
Children
Parents
RelativesRoosevelt Family
Alma materHarvard University (BA)
Occupation
  • Politician
  • Lawyer
Military service
Branch/serviceUnited States Army
(Air National Guard)
Years of service1916–1920
RankFirst Lieutenant
Unit95th Aero Squadron
The Second Roosevelt cabinet
OfficeNameTerm
PresidentTheodore Roosevelt1913–1921
Vice PresidentHerbert S. Hadley1913–1921
Secretary of StateHenry Cabot Lodge1913–1921
Secretary of the TreasuryGeorge B. Cortelyou1913–1917
Franklin MacVeagh1917–1921
Secretary of WarGeorge Von Lengerke Meyer1913–1919
Leonard Wood1919–1921
Attorney GeneralCharles Joseph Bonaparte1913–1919
Louis Brandeis1919–1921
Postmaster GeneralFrank Munsey1913–1921
Secretary of the NavyHenry L. Stimson1913–1917
Herbert L. Satterlee1917–1921
Secretary of the InteriorGifford Pinchot1913–1915
James Rudolph Garfield1915–1921
Secretary of AgricultureJames Wilson1913–1917
Harvey Washington Wiley1917–1921
Secretary of CommerceJohn A. Mead1913–1915
John M. Parker1915–1921
Secretary of LaborOscar S. Straus1913–1921
Treaty of Annapolis
The Conclusion of the 1914 July Crisis, signed at Annapolis, Maryland
Photo of treaty arbitrator U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt conversing with French negotiators.
TypeBilateral Treaty
SignedAugust 15, 1914
LocationUnited States Naval Academy
in the United States
ConditionReturn of Pre–July Crisis relations and establishment of neutrality agreements between the nations involved
Signatories
RatifiersUnited States United States
Languages
Full text
Treaty of Portsmouth at Wikisource
1920 Democratic National Convention
1920 presidential election
Nominees
Hitchcock and Underwood
Convention
Date(s)June 28 – July 6, 1920
CityKansas City, Missouri
VenueKansas City Convention Hall
Candidates
Presidential nomineeGilbert Hitchcock
of Nebraska
Vice presidential nomineeOscar Underwood
of Alabama
‹ 1916 · 1924 ›
1920 Republican National Convention
1920 presidential election
Nominees
Hadley and Knox
Convention
Date(s)June 8 – June 12, 1920
CityBuffalo, New York
VenueBroadway Auditorium
Candidates
Presidential nomineeHerbert S. Hadley
of Missouri
Vice presidential nomineeJohn W. Weeks
of Massachusetts
‹ 1916 · 1924 ›
Great Pacific War

Left to Right:
DateDecember 6, 1942 – November 15, 1946
(3 years, 11 months, 3 weeks and 9 days)
Location
Result Allied Victory
Territorial
changes

American Occupation of Japan

Belligerents
Commanders and leaders
1936 United States Presidential Election

← 1932 November 3, 1936 1940 →

531 members of the Electoral College
266 electoral votes needed to win
Turnout61.0% Increase 4.2 pp
 
Candidate Senator
Huey Long
President
John Nance Garner
Senator
Lester J. Dickinson
Party Independent Democratic Republican
Alliance
Home state Louisiana Louisiana Texas Texas Iowa Iowa
Running mate Governor
Floyd B. Olson
Vice President
Al Smith
Representative
Robert L. Bacon
Electoral vote 269 177 85
States carried 24 16 8
Popular vote 18,496,302 13,904,015 16,505,822
Percentage 37.82% 28.43% 33.75%

Presidential election results map. Light Gray denotes States won by Long/Olson, Gold denotes States won by Garner/Smith, and Sky Blue denotes States won by Dickinson/Bacon. Numbers indicate electoral votes cast by each State.

President before election

John Nance Garner
Democratic

President after election

Huey Long
Independent

1940 United States Presidential Election

← 1936 November 5, 1940 1944 →

531 members of the Electoral College
266 electoral votes needed to win
Turnout62.5% Increase 1.5 pp
 
Candidate President
Huey Long
Governor
James Michael Curley
Publisher
Frank Gannett
Party National
Progressive
Democratic Republican
Alliance
Home state Louisiana Louisiana Massachusetts Massachusetts New York (state) New York
Running mate Governor
Floyd B. Olson
Senator
Tom Connally
Senator
Charles L. McNary
Electoral vote 302 162 67
States carried 27 15 6
Popular vote 21,028,430 14,631,466 17,348,058
Percentage 39.71% 27.63% 32.76%

Presidential election results map. Light Red denotes States won by Long/Olson, Gold denotes States won by Curley/Connally, and Sky Blue denotes States won by Gannett/McNary. Numbers indicate electoral votes cast by each State.

President before election

Huey Long
Independent

President after election

Huey Long
National Progressive

1944 United States Presidential Election

← 1940 November 7, 1944 1948 →

531 members of the Electoral College
266 electoral votes needed to win
Turnout55.9% Decrease 6.6 pp
 
Candidate President
Floyd B. Olson
Senator
Bennett Champ Clark
Party National
Progressive
Democratic
Home state Louisiana Minnesota Missouri Missouri
Running mate Senator
Claude Pepper
Senator
Peter G. Gerry
Electoral vote 380 136
States carried 32 13
Popular vote 21,077,033 12,209,549
Percentage 44.02% 25.50%

 
Candidate Senator
Robert A. Taft
Businessman
Wendell Willkie
Party Republican
(Isolationist)
Republican
(Internationalist)
Home state Ohio Ohio New York (state) New York
Running mate Senator
Owen Brewster
Senator
Warren Austin
Electoral vote 12 3
States carried 3 0
Popular vote 8,072,666 6,521,335
Percentage 16.86% 13.62%

Presidential election results map. Light Red denotes States won by Olson/Pepper, Gold denotes States won by Clark/Gerry, and Sky Blue denotes States won by Taft/Brewster. Turquoise denotes the electoral votes for Willkie/Austin by New York faithless electors. Numbers indicate electoral votes cast by each State.

President before election

Floyd B. Olson
National Progressive

President after election

Floyd B. Olson
National Progressive

Huey Long
Long, c. 1936
33rd President of the United States
In office
January 20, 1937 – September 10, 1941
Vice PresidentFloyd B. Olson
Preceded byJohn Nance Garner
Succeeded byFloyd B. Olson
United States Senator
from Louisiana
In office
January 25, 1932 – December 31, 1936
Preceded byJoseph E. Ransdell
Succeeded byAlvin Olin King
40th Governor of Louisiana
In office
May 21, 1928 – January 25, 1932
LieutenantPaul N. Cyr
(1928–1931)
Vacant
(1931–1931)
Alvin Olin King
(1931–1932)
Preceded byOramel H. Simpson
Succeeded byAlvin Olin King
Personal details
Born
Huey Pierce Long Jr.

(1893-08-30)August 30, 1893
Winnfield, Louisiana, U.S.
DiedSeptember 10, 1941(1941-09-10) (aged 48)
San Francisco, California, U.S.
Manner of deathAssassination
Resting placeHuey Long Presidential Memorial, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, U.S
Political partyNational Progressive
(Since 1938)
Other political
affiliations
Democratic (Until 1936)
Independent (1936–1938)
Spouse
(m. 1913)
Children3, including Russell
Parents
RelativesLong Family
Alma materUniversity of Oklahoma
Tulane University (LLB)
Profession
  • Politician
  • Lawyer
SignatureCursive signature on ink
Floyd B. Olson
Olson, c. 1942
34th President of the United States
In office
September 10, 1941 – August 22, 1945
Vice PresidentVacant
(1941–1941)
Claude Pepper
(1941–1945)
Preceded byHuey Long
Succeeded byClaude Pepper
33rd Vice President of the United States
In office
January 20, 1937 – September 10, 1941
PresidentHuey Long
Preceded byAl Smith
Succeeded byClaude Pepper
22nd Governor of Minnesota
In office
January 5, 1931 – January 4, 1937
LieutenantHenry M. Arens
(1931–1933)
Konrad K. Solberg
(1933–1935)
Hjalmar Petersen
(1935–1937)
Preceded byTheodore Christianson
Succeeded byHjalmar Petersen
County Attorney of Hennepin County
In office
January 3, 1921 – January 5, 1931
Personal details
Born
Floyd Bjørnstjerne Olson

(1891-11-13)November 13, 1891
Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S.
DiedAugust 22, 1945(1945-08-22) (aged 53)
Washington, D.C., U.S.
Resting placeFloyd B. Olson Presidential Memorial, Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S
Political partyNational Progressive
(Since 1938)
Other political
affiliations
Democratic (Until 1924)
Farmer–Labor (1924–1938)
Spouse
(m. 1915)
Children1 (Patricia)
Parents
Alma materNorthwestern College of Law (LLB)
Profession
  • Politician
  • Attorney
  • Lawyer
George W. Norris
Norris, c. 1940
73rd President Pro Tempore of the United States Senate
In office
January 3, 1939 – September 2, 1945
LeaderHimself
Preceded byKey Pittman
Succeeded byRobert F. Wagner
Senate Majority Leader
In office
January 3, 1939 – September 2, 1945
DeputyJoseph F. Guffey
(1939–1943)
Robert M. La Follette Jr.
(1943–1945)
Preceded byPat Harrison
Succeeded byRobert M. La Follette Jr.
Leader of the Senate
National Progressive Caucus
In office
January 3, 1939 – September 2, 1945
DeputyJoseph F. Guffey
(1939–1943)
Robert M. La Follette Jr.
(1943–1945)
Preceded byPosition established
Succeeded byRobert M. La Follette Jr.
United States Senator
from Nebraska
In office
March 4, 1913 – September 2, 1945
Preceded byNorris Brown
Succeeded byKeith Neville
Member of the
U.S. House of Representatives
from Nebraska's 5th District
In office
March 4, 1903 – March 4, 1913
Preceded byAshton C. Shallenberger
Succeeded bySilas Reynolds Barton
Personal details
Born
George William Norris

(1861-07-11)July 11, 1861
York Township, Sandusky County, Ohio, U.S.
DiedSeptember 2, 1945(1945-09-02) (aged 84)
Washington, D.C., U.S.
Resting placeForest Lawn Memorial Park, McCook, Nebraska, U.S
Political partyNational Progressive
(Since 1938)
Other political
affiliations
Republican (Until 1936)
Independent (1936–1938)
Spouses
Pluma Lashley
(m. 1889; died 1901)
(m. 1903)
Children3
Parents
Alma materBaldwin University
Northern Indiana Normal School and Business Institute
Profession
  • Politician
  • Lawyer
Emanuel Celler
Celler, c. 1960
39th Dean of the United States House of Representatives
In office
January 3, 1965 – January 3, 1975
Preceded byCarl Vinson
Succeeded byJamie Whitten
43rd Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
In office
January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1965
LeaderJerry Voorhis
Preceded byJoseph W. Byrns Jr.
Succeeded byJerry Voorhis
In office
January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1953
LeaderJerry Voorhis
Preceded byLeslie C. Arends
Succeeded byJoseph W. Byrns Jr.
In office
January 3, 1939 – January 3, 1947
LeaderUsher L. Burdick
Preceded byWilliam B. Bankhead
Succeeded byLeslie C. Arends
House Minority Leader
In office
January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1959
DeputyJerry Voorhis
Preceded byJoseph W. Byrns Jr.
Succeeded byJoseph W. Byrns Jr.
In office
January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1949
DeputyUsher L. Burdick
Preceded byLeslie C. Arends
Succeeded byLeslie C. Arends
Leader of the House
National Progressive Caucus
In office
January 3, 1939 – January 3, 1965
DeputyUsher L. Burdick
(1939–1959)
Jerry Voorhis
(1959–1965)
Preceded byPosition established
Succeeded byJerry Voorhis
Member of the
U.S. House of Representatives
from New York
In office
March 4, 1923 – January 3, 1975
Preceded byLester D. Volk
Succeeded byElizabeth Holtzman
Constituency10th District (1923–1945)
15th District (1945–1953)
11th District (1953–1963)
10th District (1963–1973)
16th District (1973–1975)
Personal details
Born
Emanuel Celler

(1888-05-06)May 6, 1888
Brooklyn, New York City, New York, U.S.
DiedJanuary 15, 1981(1981-01-15) (aged 92)
Washington, D.C., U.S.
Resting placeGlendale, Queens, New York City, New York, U.S
Political partyNational Progressive
(Since 1938)
Other political
affiliations
Democratic (Until 1938)
Spouse
(m. 1914)
Children2
Parents
Alma materColumbia University (BA, LLB)
Profession
  • Politician
  • Lawyer
Assassination of Franklin D. Roosevelt
President–elect Franklin D. Roosevelt, Chicago Mayor Anton Cermak, Secret Service Agent Bob Clark, and a man in a donkey suit in the presidential limousine minutes before the assassination in Miami.
LocationBayfront Park in Miami, Florida, U.S.
DateFebruary 15, 1933; 91 years ago (1933-02-15)
10:30 p.m. (EST)
TargetFranklin D. Roosevelt
Weapon.32 Caliber Iver Johnson Revolver
DeathsFranklin D. Roosevelt
InjuredAnton Cermak
William Sinnott
Bob Clark
PerpetratorGiuseppe Zangara
VerdictGuilty
ChargesMurder with Malice
(1 count)
Attempted Murder with Malice
(3 counts)
SentenceDeath via Electric Chair
The Long cabinet
OfficeNameTerm
PresidentHuey Long1937–1941
Vice PresidentFloyd B. Olson1937–1941
Secretary of StateWilliam Borah1937–1941
Philip La Follette1941–1941
Secretary of the TreasuryJames Couzens1937–1937
Henry Morgenthau Jr.1937–1941
Secretary of WarSmedley Butler1937–1941
Fox Conner1941–1941
Attorney GeneralWilliam O. Douglas1937–1941
Frank Murphy1941–1941
Postmaster GeneralJames A. Noe1937–1941
Secretary of the NavyCharles Edison1937–1939
William D. Leahy1939–1941
Secretary of the InteriorWilliam Lemke1937–1941
Secretary of AgricultureHenry A. Wallace1937–1941
Secretary of CommerceAl Smith1937–1941
Secretary of LaborEdward Keating1937–1941
Secretary of Health,
Education, and Welfare
Dixie Bibb Graves1937–1941
Secretary of EducationGladys Pyle1937–1941
William Jennings Bryan
Official portrait, 1919
Chancellor of the United States
In office
January 4, 1915 – January 1, 1923
PresidentLouis Brandeis
Deputy
Chancellor
Meyer London
Preceded byHenry Cabot Lodge
Succeeded byArthur Meighen
In office
January 7, 1907 – January 2, 1911
PresidentWilfred Laurier
Deputy
Chancellor
Eugene V. Debs
Preceded byJoseph Gurney Cannon
Succeeded byHenry Cabot Lodge
In office
March 4, 1901 – January 5, 1903
PresidentJames B. Weaver
Deputy
Chancellor
Joseph C. Sibley Jr.
Preceded byThomas Brackett Reed
Succeeded byJoseph Gurney Cannon
In office
November 5, 1897 – March 6, 1899
Interim: October 29, 1897 – November 5, 1897
PresidentJames B. Weaver
Deputy
Chancellor
Joseph C. Sibley Jr.
Preceded byHenry George
Succeeded byThomas Brackett Reed
Leader of the Opposition
In office
January 2, 1911 – January 4, 1915
PresidentRobert Borden
ChancellorHenry Cabot Lodge
Preceded byJoseph Gurney Cannon
Succeeded byArthur Meighen
In office
January 5, 1903 – January 7, 1907
PresidentChauncey Depew
ChancellorJoseph Gurney Cannon
Preceded byThomas Brackett Reed
Succeeded byJoseph Gurney Cannon
In office
March 6, 1899 – March 4, 1901
PresidentJames B. Weaver
ChancellorThomas Brackett Reed
Preceded byThomas Brackett Reed
Succeeded byThomas Brackett Reed
Leader of the Farmer–Labor Party
in the United States Parliament
In office
November 5, 1897 – January 1, 1923
Acting: October 29, 1897 – November 5, 1897
DeputyJoseph C. Sibley Jr.
(1897–1903)
Eugene V. Debs
(1903–1911)
Robert M. La Follette
(1911–1913)
Meyer London
(1913–1923)
Preceded byHenry George
Succeeded byMeyer London
Deputy Chancellor of the United States
In office
July 8, 1897 – November 5, 1897
ChancellorHenry George
Preceded byJames H. Kyle
Succeeded byJoseph C. Sibley Jr.
Deputy Leader of the Farmer–Labor Party
in the United States Parliament
In office
July 8, 1897 – November 5, 1897
LeaderHenry George
Preceded byJames H. Kyle
Succeeded byJoseph C. Sibley Jr.
Member of the
United States Parliament
from Nebraska's Lincoln District
In office
March 2, 1891 – January 1, 1923
Preceded byWilliam James Connell
Succeeded byElmer Burkett
Personal details
Born
William Jennings Bryan

(1860-03-19)March 19, 1860
Salem, Illinois, U.S.
DiedJuly 26, 1933(1933-07-26) (aged 73)
Miami, Florida, U.S.
Resting placeVilla Serena, Miami, Florida, U.S.
Political partyFarmer–Labor
Spouse
(m. 1884; died 1930)
Children3, including Ruth
Parents
Relatives
Alma materIllinois College (AB)
Union College of Law (LLB)
Occupation
  • Lawyer
  • Politician
Signature